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Springer Geology

ISSN:21979545

2023

10.1007/978-981-99-6575-5_1

NDQCSD

Based on statistical estimates of sea surface elevations obtained from direct wave measurements, the properties of the ocean–atmosphere boundary as a surface reflecting acoustic waves are investigated. Wave measurements were carried out on a stationary oceanographic platform of the Marine Hydrophysical Institute of the RAS, located in the coastal zone of the Black Sea at a depth of 30 m. In the Kirchhoff approximation, the reflection of acoustic waves from large-scale irregularities is analyzed. In the analysis, the main attention is paid to the nonlinear effect that leads to a deviation of the distribution of surface elevations from the Gaussian distribution. It is shown that the wave nonlinearity weakly affects the average reflection coefficient at values of the Rayleigh parameter less than one. With values of the Rayleigh parameter greater than 2, the influence of wave nonlinearity grows rapidly. © The Author(s).

Acoustic sounding, Average reflection coefficient, Nonlinear waves, Rayleigh parameter, Sea surface

2024-02-07 11:07:09